Air-cooled internal-combustion engine



April 17, 1928."

C. P. BROCKWAY 'AIR COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Filed June 8, 1,921

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR.

6ar/ Bras/(way ATTORNEYS.

April 17, 1928.

C. P. BROCKWAY AIR COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jun 8, 1921 aSheets-Sheet s 2% W awwm z zmuwuww \5 I 5 M .6 I.

INVENTOR. 6'0r/ Brockway 7 BY I A TTORNEYS.

April 17, 1928.

c. P. BROCKWAY AIR COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed June a, 1921s Sheets-Sheet 3 l ll INVENTOR. Gar! B/vc/rway A TTORNEYS.

201 valve and valve seat.

, Patented Apr. 17,1928.

01:31.12 BROCKW AY, or-mo ATENT j.

'R'ATION, or cronnno, oHIo, acom olmrion'or DELAWARE.

AI -000mb inrnnnAL-comnnsmron ENGINE."

The present inventionrelates to an improved construction of air cooledinternalprovision of a structure which Will. permit 5 uniform heatdissipation at the hottenpor tions of thecengine, to therebypreventdistort-ion or warping of the parts, particularly;

of the valveseats and valves, thereby greatly increasing the efficiencyin operation and permitting successfulair cooling with a minimum airsupply. Thus the invention contemplates such an arrangement .of exhaustvalve and seat and such correlated con'-' struction vofheat dissipatingmeans .as .to. lbuniformly and symmetrically dissipate the heat'atithegvalve seat so as tomaintain a uniform temperature and whichpermltsexpansion and contraction of. parts without alignmentofdistortion or alteration of LA further important object ofthe tion isa :novel arrangement for-theheat: dis+ sipation of theqexhaust valveseat and-ex h'aust valve and correlated parts so as to 2 particularly.maintain uniform heat dissipationlat the valve seat and alignment ofparts at all times irrespectiveofvariation in temperature and subsequentexpansion and contraction of. the assembled partstan d, 3M1 have. foundthat by the-COIIStIHCtlOILLlIIdh cated, the radical improvement incooling and in operation-of anair cooled 1 engine using a minimum ofcooling-mediu n-is attained thereby. I I v v,

A further object of the invention is toj provide a: construction of thecharacter-indicated by the arrangement which prevents movement of heatdeveloped in ajuxiliary portions of an internalcombustion engine 40:

when bends occur in-an exhaust pipe section.

By my invention I so arrange and'so heat ini sulate the exhaust as topreventvthe action.

an engine of the type-stated. Moreovernby come heated a for a vmaxi-mumchamber with the novel construction of aircooled over-[- head valveengine ,as to facil tate production, up-keep, and maintenance,includingtend.

ingaa further embodiment of my invention to the engine proper vparticularly adjacent the valve seats as isv the case, for example,

the present invention ther'combustion cham-' her and exhaust valvesea-tare so-zdesig-ned j Elston-obtain a 'balancein heat. dissipation;

and uniform symmetrical heat dissipation including suchshapezofexhaust-x-head asto. 5' provide a minimmn-internal surface toheconducting and heat radiating fins as to per-f mita maximumgutilizationiof ;the,mat ri 1; .1

of the cylinders-to effect; a transferofethe heat-t0 the cooling mediumsuch as air.

consequent ,maximum 1 means .foriheat .-dissipat10n i combustion :engineand has for its. obj ect the: I

provideior correlated construction of heat Further objects oftheinvention relate to i such; arrangement of valve toperatingvmea ins vas to properly "operatezirrespective ofheat: variations and longitudinalexpansion 1 and contraction ofthe engine-head. to a reater extent thanthe base thereoffrom whlchithe v means for operating overhead valves-ex-I Other objects and those relati-ng to sim -7 5 plic-ity of structureand economics; of man-u- .facture Wlll appearlhe-rein a e- I: proceed"with a detailed description .01 that particular-emf bodiment ,of myinvention which for thepurposes-10f= illustration 1: have shown in theaccompanying drawings, in i which I Figure 'I "is ;a-.sect1 ona1 view ofone; em-

sol

bodiment; of vmy invention showing; an exhead With the symmetricah heatdissipatingmeans adjacent thereto. a

, haustvalve centrally locatedin the-cylinder i a ea I Figure II' is;asimilar- View; taken.sulostantiallyon the line II,II ofFigureIIf?show-v with the important;-addition-,of means for maintaining the proper-.alignment of the valve and the dissipation of heat thereof intionthereof.

haust' pipe when detached fromcthe engine assembly. i

.Ffgure IV is a View similar to'Figure II of amodified embodiment .ofthe invention dlsclosed1n;F1gure II.

'Figure v' is a cross'sectional view on their,

line VV of.FigureIV. t .Referring'to the'idrawings, inFigurexI theembodiment of my invention includes .a

cylinder 10 having, in this caseyan. integral- 1 end headll, domeshaped-asshownQtopr-ovide a maximum ivolume 1 at I the head: forininimurmexposed inside surface which may become heated cpnsistentvvith'the employment of heat dissipating means usedtherewith. F or thepurpose of illustration I have shown a plurality of circumferentialradially extended heat dissipating fins 12 for said cylinder 10 and a.plurality of gen erally similar fins 13 E201 the end 11 thereof.

The exhaust valve seat; 1 1 is located centrally in the end of said endhead 11 and it will be noted that a heat dissipating fin 13' extendsdirectly outwardly from the material forming the valve seat proper. Theexhaust pipe section 15 extends upwardly and laterally from said valveseat to be connected to the exhaust pipe 16 as Will be understood bythose skilled in the art. The

exhaust section 15 has a plurality of upwardly extending lugs 17 adaptedto form a support for a plate 18 which forms a support for the overheadvalve, operating rocker arms shown at 19 and 20. These rocker arms maybe pivoted on a shaft 21 which is carried by supports 22 also located onthe head plate 18. Meansto bind and support the headplate 18 from theengine base is shown in a rod 24 fixed to the plate 18 at 25 andextending downwardly to the engine crank case, thus securing the headplate 18 in proper assembled position connecting the same to the enginebase or crank case as'may be desired. A valve stem is shown operati-velyconnected to valve cam 18 through the bearing cap 19'.

The exhaust valve 30'is guided through the guide 31 which iscarried inthe exhaust pipe section v15'. The valve spring 32 is located betweenthe ring 33 on the valve stem and the upper side of the head plate 18.It will be seen that by this arrangement the valve assembly and valveoperating mecha-' In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figure Hseveral important advantages are incorporated therein as it will beseenthat the engine head 11 is supported from the engine cylinder 10 beingheat insulated therefrom by gasket 50. The valve seat 14:

has the opposed heat dissipating fin 13 as before but I have providedmeans for guiding the valve 30 independently of any exhaustpipe sectionfor the. engine. A suitable construction for attaining thisend is foundin an upwardly extending open cage 51 cast integral with the engine head11'. This cage is dome shaped terminating ina central hub 52 which isadapted to receive valve stem guide 53. This cage 52 may be usedto'support the plate 18 by lugs 54;, the plate 18 carrying the supports22 for the rocker arm pivoted as in the embodiment shown in Figure I.

' The eficiency ,of my improved engine construction with the centrallocation of the exhaust valve and valve seat is materially increased byutilizing a separate exhaust pipe 15 heat insulated from the cylinderhead 11 by a gasket 55. It will be noticed that this tends to preventany heat from the exhaust pipe section 15 from returning to the.cylinder head 11 should the same become heated to a higher temperatureby reason, for example, of a sharp bend therein or a'bend in thejuncture of this exhaust section 15 and exhaust pipe 16. It will be anytime between thevalve stem 30 and the exhaust pipe section 15.. Theexhaust pipe section 15 is clamped in position by a nut 60 screwthreaded on the depending, screw ()1 of the valve stem guide 53 carriedby the cage 51. The guide therefore performs the double function ofguiding the valve and forming means whereby the exhaust'pipe' section 15may be properly aligned and clamped in operative position.

In addition to so locating the exhaust valve 30 as to form equal heatdissipation therefrom and locating the same in the end head, althoughother places might bedevised, it will'be seen that contraction andexpansion will not distort or warp the valve seat and that guiding thevalve stem in the cage'51'integrally or otherwise connected with thecylinder head 11, but separate and distinctfrom the exhaust section 15,operates to maintain proper aligninentof the valve and valve seatbecause of a more uni form heating and a greater dissipation which isobtained by the arrangement dis closed, there being no heating agentcoming in contact'with the valve guide cage 51 as compared with theexhaust pipe section 15 which becomes extremely hot. A correlation ofthese tWO phases has produced extremely advantageous results. Moreover,the gasket 55 tends to prevent any return of heat from the exhaust pipe15', and in addition thereto,tends to force the heat out the exhaustvalve seat 14, down the cylinder head-11sto' be disposed. of by theradiating 1 the foregoing. It will be seen that in Figfins 13. It willbe noted that the intake pipe 65 may be cast integral with the head 11and has the intake valve stemguide 66 integraltherewith. An openin 67 isprovided with'screw threads to obtain access to the intake valve seat.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure IV I have usedwith theoonstruction illustrated ,in Figure II, an improved type of heatradiating fin which,

instead of extending laterally, is arranged I the fins 12 to theradiation thereof as to rapidly conduct heat away from the cylinderandengine head and dissipate the same to the cooling air. This actionmay be further enhanced by the employment of an external I connectingring 12 which, in addition, pro- I vides an entirely enclosed separateair :pas-

sage longitudinallv of the cylinder head and valve stem guide cage.

The operation of the improved air cooled internal combustion engineconstituting the present invention will lee-understood from me I andinthe other figures the central location of the exhaust valve, the valveseat,

and the symmetricalheat dissipating means therefor provides a structurewhich will prevent distortion upon expansion and contraction of thecylinder as a whole and will uniformly dissipate the'heat throughout theentire circumference of the valve seat to therefore maintain an equalpassage of exhaust gases around the seatandvalvewhen open, therebyentirely preventing localized heat and consequent warping .of valve seatby passage of a greater amount of exhaust gas atone portion thereof thanat another. It will be furthernoted that the rocker arm carryingmechanism in the top plate 18 being connected through the support 17 tothe engine cylinder or head and connected through the rod 24 at 25 tothe base of the engine,

as the engine cylinder expands the plate rocks about the point 25 as apivot. This tends to maintain the proper space of rocker arms 19 and 20relative to" the exhaust valve 30 and intake valve as well as betweenthe rocker arms and the push rods.

The efiicient action of theconstruction illustrated in Figures II and IVwill also ;be understood from the description thereof and it will beseen that the novel arrange ment has unusual advantages, in properalignment, preventing of warping and equal heat dissipation asheretofore indicated In this way a maximum cooling effect'with-aminimuni'amount of air and an extremely efiicient operating air cooledinternal combustion engine is obtained.

1. An air cooled engine including a cyl- Y inder and a cylinder headhaving a central exhaust valve seat, heat conducting and ra-,

diating means immediately adjacent thereto arranged tocool said seat an'exhaust pi e section connected to said head immediate y surrounding saidvalve, seat, a lieat insi'i-" lated gasket at said connection and avalve stem guide supported from said head independently of said exhaustpipe.

.2. An .air cooled engine including a cylinder provided with heatinsulating fins, a separate head secured thereto having a heatinsulating haust valve seat located centrally of said head, a valve stemsupport integral With said head, means whereby a cooling medium'may coolsaid support, a separate" exhaust outlet I gasket therebetween, saidhead v having heat radiating fins therefor, an ex-- pipe section joinedwith said head at said seat and a heat insulating means :betwe'en saidsection and said head) 3. In an .engine construction, the combilosionchamber having an ormed therein for the re-' m-oval' of heated exhaustgases; a conduit nation of an ex exhaust valve for the removal of saidgasesin {connection with said valve; insulating means between theconduit and valve; a stem connected to said valve; and

porting said stem, said means including a bracket mounted on said enginebut placed from the exhaust heated the chamber and exhaust valve.

I 4. In an engine construction, the combina tlOILOf an explosion chamberhaving an exhaust valve formed therein for the removal of heated exhaust.gasesya conduit for they removal of said gases in connection with saidvalve; insulating means betweenthe conmeans for sup 7 portions of duitand valve; a, stem connected to said valve; means for supporting saidstem, said.

means including a bracket mounted on said engine butdisplaced from theexhaust heated portions of the chamber and exhaustvalve;

and meansincluding an annular heat ra-' diating fin integral with saidchamber for a uniformly conducting heat away from'the valve.

I In testimony whereof Iaflix my signature. 1

. I CARL IP.IBROCKWAY..

